> Well, this is not a bug but a question on > the design of most Unix systems. It seams to me, and > I tried this on Ultrix 4.3, HPUX 9.01, Linux 1.1.x, > when root opens a file, being the owner or not, the > system does not check the file permissions before > granting him access. The same goes for writting and > unlinking a file. I've long considered this to be "wrong" as well. Forcing root to have to obey whether something is allowed to be writable by root would close up a lot of the various holes out there. Of course this creates problems with things like the traditional "passwd" program that would then have to know to do a chmod to give root write perms to the password file.. kevin -- kevintx@paranoia.com || "Ask me no questions, I'll tell you no lies." (System Administrator) || *Pretty Good Privacy key available by Finger* Warez want to be Free! || <a href="http://www.paranoia.com/">My Server!</a>